Understanding Your Controls
Before your first lesson, it helps to know what everything in the car does. Here's a rundown of the controls you'll use most.
The Pedals (left to right)
Clutch (left)
Only in manual cars. Pressing the clutch disconnects the engine from the wheels — this is what lets you change gear and move off smoothly. The clutch is the trickiest pedal to master and takes the most practice. Finding the biting point (the point where the engine and wheels start to connect) is one of the first skills you'll learn.
Brake (middle)
The foot brake slows and stops the car. Apply it progressively — press gently at first, then increase pressure smoothly. Stamping on the brake causes skidding and passenger discomfort.
Accelerator (right)
Controls how much fuel goes to the engine — the more you press, the faster the engine runs. In a manual car, you'll use the accelerator together with the clutch to move off smoothly.
The Gear Stick
Manual cars typically have five or six forward gears plus reverse. First gear is for moving off and very slow speeds. Higher gears are more efficient at faster speeds. You'll learn when to change up or down as you progress through your lessons.
The Handbrake
Keeps the car stationary when parked or when you're waiting (e.g. at a junction on a hill). Apply it firmly — you should hear and feel it click into place. Release it by pressing the button on the end and pushing down slightly before releasing.
Steering Wheel
Hold the wheel at roughly the ten-to-two or quarter-to-three position. Keep a relaxed but firm grip — don't grip tightly or let go. Feed the wheel through your hands for larger turns rather than crossing your arms over (though crossing is acceptable in low-speed manoeuvres).
The Dashboard Instruments
- Speedometer — your current speed in mph
- Rev counter — engine speed in revolutions per minute (RPM). Useful for knowing when to change gear
- Fuel gauge — check before every journey
- Warning lights — learn what the common ones mean (oil, temperature, battery, engine management)